The high-temperature and corrosion-resistant electroplated lining in the gun barrel bore is a key technology for enhancing the service life of artillery barrels. The modeling and simulation of coating delamination has become a hot research topic for improving barrel lifespan. To investigate the evolution of coating delamination damage in the barrel lining during service, this study employs the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) to simulate crack propagation within the coating/substrate, and the Cohesive Zone Model (CZM) to describe the interface damage and failure characteristics. A coupled XFEM-CZM model for crack propagation analysis of electroplated barrel materials is proposed, enabling numerical simulation of the entire process from coating failure to interface delamination. The proposed method is applied to create a 2D finite element model of a typical weapon barrel material. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed approach effectively captures the failure process from coating crack initiation to propagation and interface cracking. It reveals the impact of stress distribution on interface damage accumulation and explores the coupling mechanism between coating crack propagation and interface damage under displacement loading. This research provides theoretical and technical support for the design of high-temperature, corrosion-resistant artillery barrels.