Due to indiscriminate development and growing marine activities, the ocean has become the final destination for various pollutants. Plastic pollution, among them, is emerging as a global threat, and Korea is no exception. Consequently, the Korean government is strengthening its marine garbage collection and disposal system, implementing policies based on coastal debris monitoring and statistics, and responding to the International Plastics Convention through its ‘Full Lifecycle Plastic-Free Strategy.’ Korea is actively participating in the Convention promoted by UNEA, and served as a mediator and facilitator at the INC-5 meeting held in Busan in 2024. However, during the negotiations, Korea has maintained an ambiguous stance on plastic lifecycle regulations. This study examines the current state of marine plastic pollution in Korea and the government’s response, and explains Korea’s position and future direction on the International Plastics Convention.