Around the globe, there has been a tremendous rise in the severity of current environmental concerns as well as the development of methods for the elimination of essential nutrients. Wastewater discharges from various sources pose a threat to the environment and may cause illness transmitted via water. Owing to their high cost, various readily accessible solutions cannot be employed everywhere, specifically in rural regions. In recent years, artificial wetlands have emerged as a promising method for water treatment. This method is a system comprising many components, including gravel, plants, and a recently established biochar. Biochar, an adaptable and environmentally friendly carbonaceous material generated through the carbonization of diverse biomasses, has been incorporated as an innovative substitute medium for wastewater treatment in developed wetlands systems or biofilters (BFs). Biochar can also be used as a growth medium for faster biological breakdown. It raises the pH levels and renders waste materials more effective in preserving water. Adding biochar or zeolite as a base material renders CWs more effective at treating wastewater. Additional research into the novel elements (plant species, base materials) and characteristics (designing parameters, climate) that enable CWs to store pollutants like nutrients and heavy metals over an extended period must be conducted. We examined the various categories of nutrients, their causes, and their effects on effluent in this chapter. Additionally, recent applications of biochar to improve constructed wetland productivity, environmental impact, existing problems, and potential future applications in wastewater treatment have also been discussed in this chapter.