The construction of a new type of power system is a systematic engineering project that promotes the green and low-carbon transformation and application of energy and power systems. This article focuses on the construction of a new type of power system and conducts a survey of data on the supply structure of power energy both domestically and internationally. It points out that the essential feature of the new type of power system is to reduce carbon emissions and optimize the entire power process towards an intelligent, compatible, and resilient innovative system; Through comparative analysis, numerical statistics, and other methods, the power supply structure of 23 countries was investigated. It was analyzed that the power supply structure of 23 countries can be divided into 5 different types. At the same time, the carbon dioxide emissions of electricity in 17 countries, except for 6 zero carbon emission countries, were calculated. It was pointed out that carbon dioxide emissions are positively correlated with the total power generation, power supply structure, and the proportion of fossil energy power generation; finally, the analysis suggests that new power systems are the trend of future power development, but safety is the primary guarantee. Therefore, four types of safe new power systems are proposed, hoping to provide reference for the construction of green and low-carbon new power systems in China.