3D printing (3DP) began to find its initial applications in pharmaceutical preparations in the early 2000s. Since the first FDA-approved 3D printed formulation, an antiepileptic medication called Spritam (levetiracetam), additive manufacturing (AM) has come a long way. The ability of 3DP to cater to the individualistic needs of patients has supported advancements in personalized and precision medicine. It is involved in the fabrication of a wide range of products, including orodispersible tablets, controlled release preparations, suppositories, medical devices, and printable implants. The technology has penetrated numerous therapeutic fields, and ophthalmology is no exception. Efficient eye-care demands intricacy, which conventional ophthalmological products fail to entirely accomplish due to the common practice of “one size fits all.” The utilization of 3DP in ophthalmoscopy provides instant and accurate diagnosis for most conditions. Moreover, 3DP helps gauge specific anatomical attributes of an individual’s eye, facilitating the development of customizable orbital models, corneal transplants, and bioprinted photoreceptors, to name a few. Customizable treatment through unique delivery systems has also been made possible. Despite proving to be a valuable asset, it has certain limitations. These include the complex nature of the technology, alongside the availability and selection of biomaterials. However, upon gaining formal regulatory approval, 3DP has the potential to dominate therapeutic fields like ophthalmology due to its virtues of precision and personalization. The authors have provided a comprehensive insight into the current scenario, manufacturing advancements, ophthalmology-focused applications, limitations, and future perspectives.

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3D Printing in Ophthalmology

  • Kamna Thakur Nandini Talreja,
  • Dhruv Sanjay Gupta,
  • Divya Suares

摘要

3D printing (3DP) began to find its initial applications in pharmaceutical preparations in the early 2000s. Since the first FDA-approved 3D printed formulation, an antiepileptic medication called Spritam (levetiracetam), additive manufacturing (AM) has come a long way. The ability of 3DP to cater to the individualistic needs of patients has supported advancements in personalized and precision medicine. It is involved in the fabrication of a wide range of products, including orodispersible tablets, controlled release preparations, suppositories, medical devices, and printable implants. The technology has penetrated numerous therapeutic fields, and ophthalmology is no exception. Efficient eye-care demands intricacy, which conventional ophthalmological products fail to entirely accomplish due to the common practice of “one size fits all.” The utilization of 3DP in ophthalmoscopy provides instant and accurate diagnosis for most conditions. Moreover, 3DP helps gauge specific anatomical attributes of an individual’s eye, facilitating the development of customizable orbital models, corneal transplants, and bioprinted photoreceptors, to name a few. Customizable treatment through unique delivery systems has also been made possible. Despite proving to be a valuable asset, it has certain limitations. These include the complex nature of the technology, alongside the availability and selection of biomaterials. However, upon gaining formal regulatory approval, 3DP has the potential to dominate therapeutic fields like ophthalmology due to its virtues of precision and personalization. The authors have provided a comprehensive insight into the current scenario, manufacturing advancements, ophthalmology-focused applications, limitations, and future perspectives.