India is rapidly urbanizing and developing infrastructure with a focus on inclusivity and sustainability to enhance societal resilience. Quality education is crucial for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and improving societal resilience, especially through inclusive education for individuals with disabilities. However, India faces significant challenges, as a large portion of its population requires universal accessibility. This study examines the barriers to accessibility and inclusion for individuals with disabilities in two Delhi schools using a role-playing simulation conducted in December 2022. The exercise, involving 50 able-bodied participants including students, teachers, parents and school maintenance staff, featured awareness training, simulation activities and feedback sessions. Participants role-played various disabilities, identifying numerous barriers impacting the educational experiences of individuals with disabilities during daily activities. Qualitative analysis identified personal and environmental barriers categorized into seven domains: site entry, vertical and horizontal movement, WASH facilities, exits and communication, academic spaces, extra-curricular activities and digital infrastructure. The findings highlight major obstacles for individuals with disabilities, stressing the need for comprehensive strategies to enhance accessibility and inclusiveness in schools. This study aims to inform future research and proposes an assessment framework for evaluating educational infrastructure inclusiveness, aiding India’s progress towards SDGs and a more inclusive society.