The communication of art in any era is driven by certain forces, and the 20th century was no exception. Throughout the 20th century, China underwent a transformation from a traditional society to a modern one, reflecting all-encompassing characteristics. The driving forces behind xiqu communication in the 20th century were mainly reflected in four aspects: cultural change, political needs, economic promotion, and folk customs. These four aspects either functioned independently or intersected with and supported each other, forming the driving mechanism for xiqu communication in the 20th century.