This chapter consolidates the book’s findings on literary translation as cultural production in contemporary Macao. It argues that translation mediates identity through interconnected dimensions: patterned outputs shaped by socio-cultural conditions, processes governed by norms and strategies, and agentive decisions formed by habitus and networks. The chapter synthesizes insights from the three case studies to show multiple modes of representing cultural identity. It discusses implications for Translation Studies and for understanding multilingual cultural fields under shifting political and institutional conditions. Finally, it notes limitations and proposes further research directions beyond the present cases and datasets.