The academic community remains divided over the complex processes and impacts of globalization. The mainstream view holds that globalization accelerated after the 1970s, primarily driven by the revolution in information and communication technologies, particularly the advent of satellite communications and the internet. In addition, the gradual removal of restrictions on the flow of capital, labor, and information in advanced countries has contributed to an increasingly interconnected world (Castells, 1996). However, this globalization process—dominated by technology and markets—is, in practice, controlled by a small number of core countries and multinational corporations. These core countries possess dominant discursive and institutional design power, exacerbating global development structure imbalances and intensifying global power relations asymmetry (Sassen, 1998). This influence concentration underscores a key paradox of globalization: while it ostensibly expands connections across borders, it simultaneously entrenches existing power hierarchies.