The problem of collaborative control and privacy security of under-actuated Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) is addressed. A distributed privacy protection framework based on Laplace noise injection is proposed. Firstly, at the level of kinematics, based on the basic principle of inclusion strategy and path manipulation, the distributed time-varying formation guidance law based on neighbor information is designed by superposing Laplace noise in the position update link. Then, at the dynamic level, the forward speed control rate , and the rolling angle speed control law are designed respectively. Finally, stability analysis and validity simulation of control law are carried out. The research shows that the proposed distributed formation guidance strategy law can make the unmanned ship cluster form a stable predetermined time-varying formation, and the addition of privacy protection algorithm makes it impossible for an attacker to accurately reverse the true trajectory of the USV through intercepted communication data.