Titania Additive Incorporation for Improving the Antibacterial Efficacy of Boron-Activated Mesoporous Bioactive Glass-Ceramics
摘要
Implant composed of bioactive materials are important for bone healing, but they often exhibit poor antibacterial performance. Mesoporous Bioactive Glass (MBG), derived from sol-gel technique, are one such class of biomaterial that forms hydroxyl-carbonate-apatite upon interaction with bodily fluids. However, MBGs are known to have negligible effect against bacterial species. To enhance the antibacterial performance of MBG we have explored the incorporation of TiO2 nanostructures in the MBG matrix through the use of TiCl3 during sol-gel synthesis. This incorporation resulted in alteration of crystallinity and bond structure in MBG resulting in the formation of a glass-ceramic structure, namely, MBGT. Firstly, the incorporation of TiO2 introduced crystallinity to the amorphous MBG network. Secondly, the bond structure revealed a decrease in -OH bonds indicating an increase in the presence of Bridging Oxide bonds beneficial for formation of porous silica network. These changes further reduced the specific surface area of MBGT glass-ceramic to 55 m2g−1 and below compared to 365 m2g−1 of nascent MBG consecutively affecting the therapeutic ion release mechanism as well. In summary, the results of the study indicated that the incorporation of TiO2 to the MBG matrix can improve the antibacterial efficacy of MBG.