Timber is one of the most sustainable and oldest construction materials due to its aesthetic appearance, higher strength-to-weight ratio and renewability. Although due to several challenges, including natural defects, insufficient load-carrying capacity, and long-term durability issues, the structural applications of timber are limited. To eliminate these issues and challenges, the use of fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) rods in near surface mounted (NSM) technique has emerged as the best alternative approach for the retrofitting and strengthening of timber elements. This study provides a summary of different strengthening techniques used for the strengthening of timber beams and highlights the recently developed approach using embedded FRP rods. Research revealed that the embedment of FRP rods in the timber not only increases the ultimate loading capacity and the stiffness of the beam but also provides a protective layer against an aggressive environment, which prolongs the durability of the member.