Climate change has intensified disaster risks globally, yet its impacts are not gender neutral. In China, women—especially those from rural and ethnic minority communities—face heightened vulnerability due to entrenched structural inequalities. However, framing women solely as victims obscures their critical capacities in disaster governance. This chapter adopts a gendered lens to examine both the disproportionate challenges and the transformative potential of women in the context of climate-related disasters in China. Drawing on empirical data and case studies, it explores how women contribute to disaster preparedness, emergency response, sustainable household management, and post-disaster recovery. Particular attention is given to women’s roles as community leaders, caregivers, and custodians of traditional ecological knowledge—positions that uniquely equip them to enhance local resilience. The chapter also analyzes evolving institutional frameworks and policy reforms aimed at expanding women’s participation in disaster risk governance. Ultimately, it argues for a paradigm shift: recognizing women not merely as recipients of aid, but as agents of change in building equitable and climate-resilient societies.