This chapter offers a critical examination of the gendered dimensions of climate vulnerability, with particular attention to how deeply embedded social norms, power relations, and cultural attitudes shape differential exposure to climate risks and capacities for adaptation. Anchored in the theoretical frameworks of the Social-Ecological Systems (SES) and Pressure and Release (PAR) models, the analysis underscores the pivotal role of gender norms in influencing access to resources, participation in decision-making processes, and engagement with institutional support structures. These dynamics, in turn, are instrumental in producing and reproducing patterns of climate vulnerability. Through some examples and approaches of CARE International’s programming, the chapter demonstrates how gender-transformative approaches can challenge and reconfigure these structural inequities, fostering more just and effective climate adaptation outcomes. The discussion advocates for a shift away from gender-sensitive or superficially empowering interventions toward strategies that target the systemic roots of gender inequality. The chapter concludes by reflecting on the implications for future research, particularly concerning the methodological and practical challenges of measuring and sustaining normative shifts across different levels of society.