The Political Rhetoric of Reform: A Study of Indonesian Presidential Speeches in the Ante- and Post-suharto Periods
摘要
This chapter critically scrutinizes the evolving landscape of Indonesian presidential rhetoric, charting the discursive shifts that accompanied the nation’s transition from authoritarianism to democracy. Focusing on the watershed moment of President Suharto’s resignation and the Reformasi era, the study analyzes presidential speeches spanning Indonesia’s first to the seventh presidential tenures. The chapter illuminates how Soekarno (1945–1967), with his fiery anti-colonial rhetoric, galvanized the nation towards independence. It then explores how Suharto (1967–1998), in contrast, cultivated an image of stability and order through a more controlled and technocratic discourse. The analysis further examines how subsequent presidents—Bacharuddin Jusuf (1998–1999), Abdurrahman Wahid (1999–2001), Megawati Sukarnoputri (2001–2004), and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (2004–2014)—each grappled with the legacy of Suharto, adapting their rhetorical styles to address demands for democratic reform and social justice. Finally, it considers how Joko Widodo (2014–2024) sought to construct a distinctive leadership persona, drawing upon elements of populism and technocracy. By scrutinizing the stylistic nuances, linguistic choices, and rhetorical strategies employed by these leaders, the chapter reveals how they have leveraged language to construct political legitimacy and engage with the Indonesian populace, offering a diachronic perspective on the dynamics of political oratory in Indonesia.