The visualization experimental apparatus used to study the flame resistance characteristics of hydrogen explosions with a corrugated flame arrester is illustrated in Fig. 8.1. The main framework of this apparatus has been detailed in previous work (Cao et al. in Int J Hydrogen Energy 88:228–241, 2024). This section focuses specifically on the corrugated flame-retardant system, which comprises the flame-retardant unit and its shell, upper and lower pressure plates, and four threaded support rods. The multilayer flame-retardant units are tightly stacked using the upper and lower pressure plates and are housed within the flame-resistant unit shell. The system is secured by the threaded support rods, with height adjustments made via nuts. By varying the ripple height and the number of flame-retardant units, the structural parameters can be altered. A self-processed flame-retardant unit with a thickness of 20 mm and the diameter of 110 mm was adopted.