Y4CWM: A Real-Time YOLO-Based Deep Learning Framework for Smart Car Wash Stage Detection and Monitoring
摘要
With the ongoing wave of digital transformation, automating service processes has become essential for improving both service quality and operational efficiency. This study introduces a YOLO-based model designed for monitoring car wash procedures in automotive service workshops. In this study, we propose Y4CWM, a real-time object detection system based on You Only Look Once (YOLO), a single-stage model designed for fast and accurate detection. Y4CWM enables automated recognition of different car wash stages, thereby supporting real-time service tracking, enhancing operational workflows, and ensuring consistent quality control. Image and video data were collected from the workshop’s surveillance cameras, annotated, and used to train models including YOLOv8, YOLOv9, YOLOv10, YOLOv11, YOLOv12, and Faster R-CNN. Experimental evaluation on a dataset of 7354 labeled images demonstrates that YOLOv11l achieves the highest mAP 50:95 of 0.94339, outperforming both other YOLO variants and Faster R-CNN, while lightweight models such as YOLOv8n also offer promising accuracy with significantly lower computation costs. The system Y4CWM not only helps standardize the car wash process but also improves the overall customer experience and optimizes service operations.