This chapter examines the uneven nature of capitalist transition in the North-Eastern Hilly Regions (NEHR) of India from the vantage point of gendered labour. Using gender-differentiated data from the Indian Time-Use Survey (ITUS) 2019, we make three broad observations. Firstly, despite the centrality of capital-wage labour relations under capitalism, a narrow, ‘productivist’ understanding of the labour process is inadequate to understand the processes through which capitalism appropriates value from labour. Secondly, participation in household production and self-employment is occurring simultaneously with wage labour arrangements. Given these linkages, it’s likely that petty commodity production in agriculture and non-agriculture is the dominant path of capitalist transition. Finally, despite the overwhelming power of capital, the economic outcomes are likely to be mediated through complex processes of institutional adaptation, reconfiguration, and hybridisation. It’s likely that patriarchal norms mediate outcomes, even for indigenous communities.