Despite intense debate over more than four decades, women’s work in India continues to show considerable complexity that constrains estimation of the full range of women’s economic activities, unpaid work, care work and time use. The recent surge in FLFPR has led to renewed debates regarding the factors driving this increase. Meanwhile, gender discrimination and unequal outcomes in labour markets persist especially across socioeconomic groups as well as due to care penalties. The changing nature of public employment, relatively high FLFPR among highly educated women, unemployment among young educated women, large gender gaps in NEET rates, gender based precarity of platform work and vulnerability in monopsonistic markets, make it important to revisit emerging issues in the light of both recent and past developments.