This Chapter explores how the Olympic Agenda 2020 addresses Olympic urban planning, systematically analysing the policy measures outlined in post-Agenda IOC documents. It organises these measures into 22 urban-related Reforms under five Objectives: ensuring best practices, improving governance systems, leveraging specialised knowledge, containing urban-related costs, and enhancing urban sustainability. Among others, these Reforms aim to optimise Games planning, reduce environmental and financial impacts, and align the event with the long-term development goals of host cities. The chapter adopts a comprehensive framework to address the research question “what are the urban-related implications of Olympic Agenda 2020?” It identifies Reforms that influence urban environments directly, through, for example, infrastructure and resource use, and indirectly, by addressing governance, stakeholder collaboration, and decision-making processes. However, potential challenges such as inconsistent enforcement, stakeholder conflicts, and the complexity of integrating sustainability into diverse urban contexts are highlighted. This systematisation provides an in-depth understanding of the Agenda’s urban strategies, offering insights into how they address the opportunities and challenges posed by hosting the Games. It lays the foundation for Chap. 4 ’s case studies, which evaluate the practical implementation of these Reforms in Paris 2024 and Milan-Cortina 2026.