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Reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with geometric and stiffness irregularities are highly vulnerable during seismic events. This study evaluates the seismic performance of RC frame structures with combined vertical irregularities, focusing on towered setbacks and soft story effects. A total of five 7-story models were developed and analyzed using nonlinear dynamic analysis via the open-source software STERA_3D. The baseline model (7N) features a typical towered setback at levels 4–5. Comparative models include variations with increased first-story height (7A), increased fifth-story height (7B), additional mass at level 2 (7C), and additional mass at level 5 (7D). Modeling followed ASCE 41-17 criteria, with performance levels evaluated based on inter-story drift thresholds of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5%, corresponding to Operational (OP), Immediate Occupancy (IO), Damage Control (DC), Life Safety (LS), and Collapse Prevention (CP). Fragility curves were developed through probability of exceedance analysis using Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) under spectrum-compatible ground motions. Additionally, nonlinear static pushover analysis (NL-POA) was performed to compare the Sa–Sd relationships across the models. The seismic intensity that can be sustained by the lower irregularity model is less than half of the regular model at the 50% probability of exceedance in Life Safety condition. The results reveal significant variations in seismic demand and collapse probability depending on the type and location of irregularity.

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Seismic Fragility Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Frames with Combined Irregularity Using Incremental Dynamic Analysis

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • T. I. Maulana,
  • A. A. Kusuma,
  • S. Q. Sharafi,
  • B. Afriandini,
  • S. A. M. Jati,
  • P. Rahmasari

摘要

Reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with geometric and stiffness irregularities are highly vulnerable during seismic events. This study evaluates the seismic performance of RC frame structures with combined vertical irregularities, focusing on towered setbacks and soft story effects. A total of five 7-story models were developed and analyzed using nonlinear dynamic analysis via the open-source software STERA_3D. The baseline model (7N) features a typical towered setback at levels 4–5. Comparative models include variations with increased first-story height (7A), increased fifth-story height (7B), additional mass at level 2 (7C), and additional mass at level 5 (7D). Modeling followed ASCE 41-17 criteria, with performance levels evaluated based on inter-story drift thresholds of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5%, corresponding to Operational (OP), Immediate Occupancy (IO), Damage Control (DC), Life Safety (LS), and Collapse Prevention (CP). Fragility curves were developed through probability of exceedance analysis using Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) under spectrum-compatible ground motions. Additionally, nonlinear static pushover analysis (NL-POA) was performed to compare the Sa–Sd relationships across the models. The seismic intensity that can be sustained by the lower irregularity model is less than half of the regular model at the 50% probability of exceedance in Life Safety condition. The results reveal significant variations in seismic demand and collapse probability depending on the type and location of irregularity.