This introductory chapter establishes the context and motivation behind writing the book, addressing the persistent gender gaps and barriers encountered by women in India’s urban labour markets. It presents the underlying conceptual framework, emphasizing a life-cycle approach, covering both supply and demand side factors, and utilizing a mixed methodology approach for analysis. It also offers a summarized overview of each of the eight chapters, presenting the book as a comprehensive, multidisciplinary resource for understanding and emphasizing gendered labour market challenges while recommending a path towards gender equality and empowerment in line with Sustainable Development Goals.