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Modern agriculture needs latest mechanization, improved technology, and advanced pest control strategies to cope with the increasing demand for food. The world population has almost crossed the mark of 8 billion in the last decade. The higher and indefinite use of chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilizers has a direct and challenging impact on the environment, including environmental pollution, shrinkage of the micro-fauna, crop productivity, loss of biodiversity, economic backlash, and several other health hazards, due to their incomplete degradation. Due to factors like high risk of pollution, severe heat generated by greenhouse gases, and larger food demand, the need for biofertilizers is expected to grow in the future. Biofertilizer is a substance that includes living organisms, helping in higher crop productivity, creating a healthy biosphere with a sustainable environment. Several essential mineral nutrients like zinc, iron, nickel, manganese, magnesium, etc. are available in the soil in insoluble and complex forms, which are made available to the plant roots by the microbes in soluble form, which reduce the load of conventional inorganic fertilizers and help in nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, phytohormone and siderophore production, lytic enzyme production, induced systemic resistance, and bioremediation, etc. with increased crop production by 20–30% and reducing the use of inorganic synthetic chemical fertilizers by 25–28%. Biofertilizers include bacteria, fungi, cyanobacteria, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs), and the most recent nano-biofertilizer, which helps directly as well as indirectly in restoring soil fertility, indicating improved soil physical health. These are more desirable than synthetic fertilizers due to their low cost, eco-friendly impact, qualitative produce, ecosystem restoration, and minimal health hazards. In majority of the agricultural sectors, the use of biofertilizers has been promoted over conventional inorganic fertilizers to overcome the inconsistent performance in the crop field, which has been evident from time to time. All these have been briefly explained in the following chapter.

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Overview of Biofertilizers and Their Potential Role in Sustainable Agriculture

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Satyabrata Sarangi,
  • Subhra Parija,
  • Anweshita Nayak,
  • Suman Samilita Dash,
  • Rameswar Jena,
  • Jyoti Ranjan Jena

摘要

Modern agriculture needs latest mechanization, improved technology, and advanced pest control strategies to cope with the increasing demand for food. The world population has almost crossed the mark of 8 billion in the last decade. The higher and indefinite use of chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilizers has a direct and challenging impact on the environment, including environmental pollution, shrinkage of the micro-fauna, crop productivity, loss of biodiversity, economic backlash, and several other health hazards, due to their incomplete degradation. Due to factors like high risk of pollution, severe heat generated by greenhouse gases, and larger food demand, the need for biofertilizers is expected to grow in the future. Biofertilizer is a substance that includes living organisms, helping in higher crop productivity, creating a healthy biosphere with a sustainable environment. Several essential mineral nutrients like zinc, iron, nickel, manganese, magnesium, etc. are available in the soil in insoluble and complex forms, which are made available to the plant roots by the microbes in soluble form, which reduce the load of conventional inorganic fertilizers and help in nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, phytohormone and siderophore production, lytic enzyme production, induced systemic resistance, and bioremediation, etc. with increased crop production by 20–30% and reducing the use of inorganic synthetic chemical fertilizers by 25–28%. Biofertilizers include bacteria, fungi, cyanobacteria, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs), and the most recent nano-biofertilizer, which helps directly as well as indirectly in restoring soil fertility, indicating improved soil physical health. These are more desirable than synthetic fertilizers due to their low cost, eco-friendly impact, qualitative produce, ecosystem restoration, and minimal health hazards. In majority of the agricultural sectors, the use of biofertilizers has been promoted over conventional inorganic fertilizers to overcome the inconsistent performance in the crop field, which has been evident from time to time. All these have been briefly explained in the following chapter.