Supportive Care in Urogenital Cancer
摘要
Supportive care in urogenital cancer is a multidisciplinary approach aimed at improving the quality of life for patients and their families by addressing the complex physical, emotional, psychosocial, and spiritual challenges associated with genitourinary malignancies. This chapter delves into the integration of palliative care principles into the management of cancers affecting the urinary and male reproductive systems, including bladder, kidney, prostate, and testicular cancers. It emphasizes symptom control, focusing on common issues such as haematuria, urinary retention, infections, bladder spasms, incontinence, fistulas, and sexual health concerns. Non-pharmacological measures, pharmacological interventions, and specialized procedures are discussed to alleviate symptom burden and enhance patient comfort. The chapter also highlights the importance of emotional and psychosocial support, facilitating communication and shared decision-making, and providing caregiver assistance. Advance care planning is explored as a critical component, enabling patients to express their preferences for end-of-life care, including resuscitation and life-sustaining measures. End-of-life care strategies are outlined, emphasizing dignified care, symptom management, and bereavement support for families. Additionally, the chapter underscores the need for collaborative relationships between palliative care clinicians and specialists to deliver effective Specialty-Aligned Palliative Care (SAPC). By fostering accessibility, mutual learning, and integrated care models, the chapter aims to bridge gaps in care delivery. Ultimately, this comprehensive framework seeks to enhance the physical comfort, emotional well-being, and overall quality of life for individuals with urogenital cancer, ensuring patient-centred care throughout the disease trajectory.