Nanoparticle (NP) movement within plant systems has emerged as a rapidly growing area of research with important applications in agriculture, biotechnology, and environmental sustainability. This chapter reviews the processes by which NPs are absorbed, transported, and redistributed from roots to aerial tissues. The influence of nanoparticle characteristics such as size, shape, surface chemistry, and charge on their internal mobility is examined, along with environmental factors including soil type, pH, and temperature. Different categories of nanoparticles, such as metallic, metal oxides, and carbon-based nanomaterials, are discussed in relation to their interactions with plant structures and their translocation routes. Key transport processes, including diffusion, endocytosis, and ion-channel-mediated movement, are outlined. The potential benefits of NPs in supporting crop growth and nutrient uptake under challenging conditions like drought and salinity are highlighted, with particular attention to their ability to enhance water retention, stimulate antioxidant defenses, and improve nutrient absorption. Additional emphasis is given to the role of root secretions, microbial associations, and environmental entry routes (soil and aerosols) in shaping nanoparticle uptake. The chapter also identifies the major limitations of current studies, such as difficulties in detecting NPs inside tissues, interpreting their interactions with plant physiology, and addressing experimental variability. The chapter will explore the mechanisms and processes involved in the translocation of nanoparticles within plants. It will discuss how different types of nanoparticles, including metal, metal oxide, and carbon-based nanoparticles, interact with plant tissues and their pathways of movement from roots to shoots and leaves.