Homesick, Retired, or Just Rootless? Challenges of a Family-Based Return Migration in Poland and Bulgaria
摘要
Almost two decades after the expansion of the European Union and the mass outflow of people from the countries in Central and South-Eastern Europe, questions about the long-term effects of these processes are recurring. It is hard to predict if the social costs of migrants settling in new places benefit them, their families, or their countries of origin. However, a much more critical question should be raised: will the possible return migration of members of earlier migration waves be treated as a postponed migration dividend? Will ageing migrants return with all their silver economy assets, including money and social remittances? This text will attempt to answer these questions from the perspective of ageing residents of two countries in Central and South Eastern Europe, Poland and Bulgaria, who began their remigration experiences against the background of Brexit, the economic crisis after COVID-19, the consequences of the war in Ukraine, and the social unrest accompanying these events. We plan to scratch the image of the elderly migrants searching for new homes in the old countries. As part of our research, we interviewed return migrants in Poland and Bulgaria who decided to go back to their countries of origin after years spent emigrating. Through standardised, in-depth interviews, we seek answers about their fates, the motivation behind returns, and the challenges of adaptation to life in new conditions. In addition to the descriptive goal, our study will also aim to answer questions about the comparative universality of return migrants’ experiences, the role of the family context, the depth of social change and social remittances, as well as the reception and social inclusion of local communities where return migrants arrived.