FlexibleExperimental and wearable electronics have emerged as an essential areaArea in contemporary technological advancement, driven by the demand for lightweight, low-costCost, and space-efficient alternatives to traditionalTraditional rigid systems. Among the most significant advantages offered by these emerging systems is their mechanical flexibility, an attribute that sets them apart from conventional electronics fabricated on printed circuit boards (PCBs) or thin films deposited on rigid glass substratesSubstrate. This flexibility enables these systems to conform to complex surfacesSurface, endure dynamicDynamic deformation, and function reliably under mechanical stressesStress such as bendingBending, folding, stretching, and rolling.