Research on translation as a cognitive activity began in the late 1960s (Hurtado Albir et al. 2015). After several decades of development, international research on cognitive translation and interpreting has made substantial progress. As interdisciplinary research has deepened and technology has advanced, research methods in Cognitive Translation and Interpreting Studies have become increasingly diverse. Drawing on related fields such as linguistics and psychology, the field has matured with both speculative and theoretical studies as well as empirical and experimental research. Theoretical models are being continually refined, data collection techniques and data types are becoming more varied, and analytical methods are increasingly sophisticated.