This research study analyses sustainability issues in India’s maritime supply chain, with a special emphasis on Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions and the effectiveness of different reduction strategies. India, the third largest emitter of CO2, has agreed to cut emissions by 50% by 2050 and reach net zero by 2070. This study employs System Dynamics (SD) models to analyse complex relationships and simulate opportunities for emissions reduction, given the high contribution of the maritime sector to emissions. A literature evaluation facilitates an easier identification of optimal means in sustainable maritime operations. This study determines that the Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenario has the highest emissions, whereas scenarios with renewable energy resources and enhanced Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) investments in carbon management significantly reduce emissions. The study determines that an integrated approach with sustainable fuel sources and enhanced CSR initiatives is needed to offset the environmental cost of the maritime supply chain. These results are of significant value for politicians and industry leaders interested in balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability. Future research must investigate the long-term effects and develop new strategies to enhance the environmental performance of the maritime supply chain.