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While agriculture is widely expected to improve food security and nutrition for smallholder farmers in developing countries, empirical evidence explicitly linking crop productivity to micronutrient consumption remains limited. This study investigates the relationship between rice yield and nutritional outcomes using 3-year panel data from rice farmers in Madagascar’s Vakinankaratra region. The results demonstrate a significant positive association between rice productivity and both caloric and micronutrient intake. The analysis further identifies two key pathways through which yield improvements enhance dietary quality: (1) direct increased rice consumption and (2) greater cash revenue enabling purchases of more nutritious foods (vegetables, fruits, and animal proteins). However, we find that the nutritional benefits of higher yields are significantly diminished by poor market access. These findings underscore that while productivity gains can improve nutrition, complementary investments in market infrastructure are essential to maximize these benefits.

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Staple Food Productivity and Nutrition: Empirical Evidence from Rice Farming in Madagascar

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Relwendé Apollinaire Nikiema,
  • Sakiko Shiratori,
  • Jules Rafalimanantsoa,
  • Ryosuke Ozaki,
  • Takeshi Sakurai

摘要

While agriculture is widely expected to improve food security and nutrition for smallholder farmers in developing countries, empirical evidence explicitly linking crop productivity to micronutrient consumption remains limited. This study investigates the relationship between rice yield and nutritional outcomes using 3-year panel data from rice farmers in Madagascar’s Vakinankaratra region. The results demonstrate a significant positive association between rice productivity and both caloric and micronutrient intake. The analysis further identifies two key pathways through which yield improvements enhance dietary quality: (1) direct increased rice consumption and (2) greater cash revenue enabling purchases of more nutritious foods (vegetables, fruits, and animal proteins). However, we find that the nutritional benefits of higher yields are significantly diminished by poor market access. These findings underscore that while productivity gains can improve nutrition, complementary investments in market infrastructure are essential to maximize these benefits.