The corrosion of oilfield gathering and transportation systems, as well as wellbores, by hydrogen sulfide significantly impacts the normal production of oilfields and can even lead to serious safety incidents. This type of pipeline corrosion adversely affects the economic viability of oilfields. To investigate the corrosion behavior of gathering and transportation pipelines exposed to hydrogen sulfide, a high-temperature and high-pressure dynamic corrosion reaction kettle was utilized in a controlled indoor environment. Additionally, the study examined the corrosion inhibition performance of a combination of hydrogen sulfide corrosion inhibitors and desulfurizers. The research results indicate that as the partial pressure of hydrogen sulfide increases, the corrosion rate of X65 steel gradually rises. Similarly, an increase in watercut correlates with a gradual increase in the corrosion rate of X65 steel. Furthermore, as the corrosion temperature increases, the corrosion rate of X65 steel initially rises before subsequently decreasing. When employing the H2S corrosion inhibitor composite desulfurizer system, a synergistic corrosion inhibition effect is observed. This approach demonstrates superior hydrogen sulfide corrosion inhibition compared to the use of a single corrosion inhibitor, with the corrosion inhibition rate of X65 steel potentially increasing by 2 to 10 percentage points.