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Microalgae are photosynthetic unicellular microorganisms with immense potential in bioenergy, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and wastewater treatment. Their ability to grow under different cultivation modes and nutrient diversity makes it an ideal candidate for wastewater treatment. Despite these benefits, commercial implementation remains limited due to low biomass productivity, reduced biomolecule content, and high cultivation costs. Wastewater-based cultivation offers a cost-effective alternative, but nutrient imbalances and environmental variability often constrain growth and metabolite production. Advances in genetic engineering, multi-omics technologies including genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics and genome editing provide an outline for developing robust strains with enhanced nutrient removal, improved growth, and high-value biomolecule accumulation. This chapter discusses current omics-based approaches, genetic engineering methodologies, and the integration of these technologies for optimized CO₂ fixation, nutrient recovery, and sustainable biomolecule production, highlighting strategies for designing next-generation microalgal strains for industrial-scale applications.

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Omics and Genetic Approaches Integrated into Microalgae for Improvements of Growth, Biochemicals, and Nutrient Recovery Potential

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Rahul Kumar Goswami,
  • Udaypal,
  • Sandeep Singh Shekhawat,
  • Faizal Bux,
  • Pradeep Verma

摘要

Microalgae are photosynthetic unicellular microorganisms with immense potential in bioenergy, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and wastewater treatment. Their ability to grow under different cultivation modes and nutrient diversity makes it an ideal candidate for wastewater treatment. Despite these benefits, commercial implementation remains limited due to low biomass productivity, reduced biomolecule content, and high cultivation costs. Wastewater-based cultivation offers a cost-effective alternative, but nutrient imbalances and environmental variability often constrain growth and metabolite production. Advances in genetic engineering, multi-omics technologies including genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics and genome editing provide an outline for developing robust strains with enhanced nutrient removal, improved growth, and high-value biomolecule accumulation. This chapter discusses current omics-based approaches, genetic engineering methodologies, and the integration of these technologies for optimized CO₂ fixation, nutrient recovery, and sustainable biomolecule production, highlighting strategies for designing next-generation microalgal strains for industrial-scale applications.