The accelerating challenges of global food security, driven by climate change, population growth, and limited natural resources, demand transformative approaches to crop improvement. DNA of Sustainability: Genomic Insights into Food Security Challenges explores how plant genomics, computational biology, and integrated multi-omics are reshaping agricultural science to meet these urgent needs. The chapters in this volume trace the journey from the generation of complete genome assemblies and comprehensive pangenomes, through the characterization of genetic diversity and management of large-scale genomic data, to the deployment of enabling technologies such as low-cost genotyping platforms, synthetic genomics, and artificial intelligence. Building on these foundations, the book examines cutting-edge applications including genomic selection, integrated omics strategies, single-cell and spatial technologies, trait discovery, and genomics-informed gene editing. Together, these contributions provide a detailed blueprint for transforming genome-scale insights into resilient, high-yielding, and climate-adapted crops, offering practical and innovative solutions for the future of sustainable agriculture.