Neuroimmune signalling plays a critical role in maintaining the normal functioning of the central nervous system. Dysregulation of this signalling pathway is now recognised as a critical factor in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis are major public health concerns with limited treatment options available. Recent research has highlighted the importance of the interplay between the immune system and the nervous system in the development and progression of these disorders. This has led to the identification of potential therapeutic targets in neuroimmune signalling pathways. This chapter aims to review the current understanding of neuroimmune signalling pathways and their role in neurodegenerative disorders. We will discuss emerging options to modulate these pathways for therapeutic benefit, including immunomodulatory drugs, neurotrophic factors, and stem cell therapy. The potential of targeting neuroimmune signalling pathways is promising, with preclinical and clinical studies showing promising results in improving cognitive function, reducing neuroinflammation, and promoting neuroregeneration. However, further research is needed to fully understand the complexity of these pathways and their specific roles in different neurodegenerative disorders. In summary, targeting neuroimmune signalling pathways represents a promising avenue for the development of novel therapies to treat neurodegenerative disorders. The ongoing research in this field provides hope for improving the lives of individuals affected by these devastating conditions.