Chapters 2 through 5 analyze the key features of and driving factors behind China’s fourth-generation investment treaties, while Chaps. 6 and 7 evaluate their broader implications for international investment law. To this end, this chapter first outlines recent trends and developments in international investment law, covering both the global backlash against investment arbitration (Sect. 6.1) and the subsequent reforms to the investment treaty regime (Sect. 6.2). Notably, these reforms have been undertaken not only at the national level but also at the bilateral, regional, and multilateral levels. Against this backdrop, the chapter concludes with a comprehensive assessment of the ongoing investment treaty reforms (Sect. 6.3).