A Hybrid Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Framework for Decentralised Search-And-Interact Tasks Under Partial Observability
摘要
Using autonomous, decentralised control of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for critical scenarios such as bushfire firefighting provides clear safety and cost benefits. In this paper, we introduce a novel framework for autonomous, decentralised control based on multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) and a planning heuristic, designed to support learning a search-and-interact task in a multi-particle environment, which models a range of multi-UAV control applications. Our approach hybridises a planning heuristic with generic MARL methods under a discrete multi-action paradigm. The planning heuristic extracts only focused information from the environment, while also augmenting agent-centric observation data via exploiting observation-action symmetry to improve training. We employ this heuristic within a Centralised and Training Decentralised Execution (CTDE) paradigm to train autonomous control that is agnostic to the complexity of the environment, and effective under a range of action dynamics. The controller is encoded in a lean policy with reduced footprint, and can be deployed within resource-limited devices. Experimental results show that using even simple Q-learners within the framework provides highly effective agents for accurate firefighting in complex scenarios. Our approach is applicable to decision problems with similar search-and-interact characteristics.