The application of nanopesticides in agriculture presents a promising solution for enhancing pest management while reducing environmental impact. Nanobased pesticides including fungicides, herbicides, molluscicides, nematicides, miticides and nanoparticulate growth regulators, have demonstrated efficacy against a broad spectrum of pests, including fungi, bacteria, virus, insects, rodents, weeds and mites. These formulations offer several advantages, such as increased efficiency, reduced dosage requirements, lower environmental impact, and improved crop yield etc. However, the environmental and health risks associated with nanopesticides are significant. Nanoscale based formulations can pose environmental concerns, particularly regarding their persistence in soil and water and their impact on non-target organisms. The behaviour of these nanoparticles is influenced by chemical factors such as pH and ionic strength, raising concerns about direct toxicity, durability, bioavailability, degradation, and the fate of the carrier materials. Potential toxicity is a critical issue, as exposure to pesticides has been linked to a range of severe health conditions and harsh environmental issues. Additionally, bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants through the food chain and the development of resistance in target pests further complicate pest management strategies. Therefore, while nanopesticides offer potential benefits in agriculture, their application requires careful risk assessment and management to mitigate potential environmental and health impacts.