This thesis focuses on the Liancheng Pumped Storage Power Station in Guizhou Province and conducts an in-depth study on the sediment erosion problem of the pump-turbine. Based on the analogy method recommended by the IEC 62364:2019 standard and combined with the on-site measured sediment characteristics and sediment concentration data passing through the turbine, the wear characteristics of the turbine’s flow components are predicted. This thesis explores the mechanism and hazards of sediment wear, estimates the sediment wear and the time between overhaul, and proposes comprehensive protective measures against sediment. The research shows that the sediment content passing through the turbine of this power station is relatively high, and the expected wear is relatively severe. It is necessary to adopt comprehensive measures from multiple aspects such as engineering, processing and manufacturing, and operation management to reduce the wear intensity, extend the time between overhaul, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power station.