As a popular high-speed and exciting amusement equipment, the reliable operation of roller coaster directly determines the safety of passengers. Damage and failure of the equipment will lead to abnormal temperature distribution. Infrared thermography, as a mature condition monitoring tool, can quickly detect temperature abnormalities and has a wide range of application prospects in the field of condition monitoring. This chapter focuses on the roller coaster common wheel sets, winches, electrical components of the key components of the infrared thermal imaging spectral characteristics, and the change rule of temperature rise in the operation process, and summarizes the fault identification methods and evaluation guidelines for the guidance of the equipment inspection and testing, routine inspection, and maintenance which provides a scientific basis and a new type of means, and finally through the three on-site practical application cases illustrate the infrared thermography technology in the condition monitoring. Finally, the practicality and reliability of infrared thermal imaging technology in condition monitoring is illustrated through three on-site practical application cases.