Radish, a widely cultivated root vegetable, is globally recognized for its ease of cultivation, rapid growth cycle, adaptability to diverse growing conditions, and robust growth performance. However, achieving high-quality radish roots remains a significant challenge due to their vulnerability to various abiotic stressors. Abiotic stress refers to any nonliving environmental factor that adversely affects plant growth and development within a specific ecosystem. Common stressors include extreme temperatures, salinity, and drought, which often interact or co-occur, exacerbating their effects. These stressors, along with other abiotic factors such as temperature fluctuations, moisture stress, plant density, growth medium composition, nutrient imbalances, and suboptimal harvest timing, disrupt the metabolic processes of root tissues, leading to the production of nonmarketable roots. To survive and reproduce, plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to detect environmental stresses and adapt their growth and developmental processes accordingly. This review depicts recent advancements in the understanding of plant stress sensing and the regulatory mechanisms underlying these adaptive responses.