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CRISPR-Cas9CRISPR/Cas is an emerging and unique genome-editing technologyTechnology, offering precise, effective, and cost-effective genetic modifications. Originating from the adaptive immunological mechanism of microbes, basically archaea and bacteria, it employs a single guide RNAGuide RNA to direct the Cas9 nuclease to specific DNA sites, creating double-stranded breaksDouble-strand breaks that are repaired by cellular mechanisms. Its simplicity and versatility have enabled applications across medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology, surpassing earlier tools like ZFNs and TALENsTALEN. Recent advances combine CRISPR with nanomaterialNanomaterials-based deliveryNanomaterial-based delivery systems including lipid nanoparticlesLipid nanoparticles, gold nanoparticlesGold nanoparticles, and exosomes, enhancing targeted and efficient geneGene editing. The major highlights of this chapter basically focus over the mechanism, classification, and applications of CRISPR-CasCRISPR/Cas systems, emphasizing nanomaterialsNanomaterials-assisted delivery approaches.

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CRISPR/Cas Genetic Engineering: Advanced by Nanotechnology

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Alok Kumar Yadav,
  • Ahmad Faraz,
  • Shadma Afzal

摘要

CRISPR-Cas9CRISPR/Cas is an emerging and unique genome-editing technologyTechnology, offering precise, effective, and cost-effective genetic modifications. Originating from the adaptive immunological mechanism of microbes, basically archaea and bacteria, it employs a single guide RNAGuide RNA to direct the Cas9 nuclease to specific DNA sites, creating double-stranded breaksDouble-strand breaks that are repaired by cellular mechanisms. Its simplicity and versatility have enabled applications across medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology, surpassing earlier tools like ZFNs and TALENsTALEN. Recent advances combine CRISPR with nanomaterialNanomaterials-based deliveryNanomaterial-based delivery systems including lipid nanoparticlesLipid nanoparticles, gold nanoparticlesGold nanoparticles, and exosomes, enhancing targeted and efficient geneGene editing. The major highlights of this chapter basically focus over the mechanism, classification, and applications of CRISPR-CasCRISPR/Cas systems, emphasizing nanomaterialsNanomaterials-assisted delivery approaches.