While politeness and impoliteness have been extensively examined across languages, introductory treatments focusing on Persian remain scarce. This chapter offers a structured overview of politeness and impoliteness, organized in three main sections: foundational theoretical frameworks, recent developments in (im)politeness research, and culture-specific expressions, such as self-abasement, other-elevation, and ta’ārof in Persian. The chapter begins by highlighting the significance of politeness in human social interaction, followed by a historical overview of seminal theoretical contributions from scholars such as Grice, Goffman, and Searle, culminating in the major politeness frameworks of Brown and Levinson, Leech, and Lakoff. It then discusses contemporary approaches proposed by scholars such as Bousfield, Culpeper, Haugh, Kádár, Locher, Mills, and Watts. The final section focuses on Persian, outlining the main features of politeness before turning to the relatively underexplored domain of impoliteness in Persian. The chapter ultimately aspires to stimulate further scholarly inquiry into the sociopragmatic dynamics of Persian (im)politeness.