The extractive industry offers numerous benefits to a country, including employment opportunities for local populations, revenue generation for governments, and the provision of foreign exchange, among others. This chapter explores key sectors within the extractive industry, highlighting their benefits as well as the risks and threats they present. It further proposes appropriate loss control and loss financing measures to mitigate these risks. In particular, the chapter focuses on petroleum, mining, timber, rubber, and quarrying industries, examining the specific threats associated with each sector and outlining corresponding strategies for effective risk management.