Nanotechnology has gained attention over the past decade due to its significant emphasis on finding therapeutic solutions in various fields. At present, there are thousands of nanomaterials available to solve problems and improve animal health and production. By using novel nanosystems, which are packaged in miniature sizes for drug delivery, nanotechnology has significantly improved the treatment of various diseases in veterinary medicine. Due to the limitations and challenges of traditional drug delivery methods, nanotechnology has the potential to improve bioavailability, efficacy, and safety as well as reduce toxicity to healthy organs which occurs due to administration of free drugs. Nanocarriers help improve drug stability, targeting the particular cell/organ and allow controlled release of the drug from the carrier which can be governed by internal or external stimuli such as heat, pH, light, redox potential or ultrasound. Targeted delivery involves the accumulation of therapeutic drugs at the desired site within a specific timeframe, evading the immune system, targeting specific tissue/cell/organ and allows controlled drug release. They can be engineered to overcome biological barriers and reach diseased sites, including the liver, spleen, kidneys and blood brain barrier. They are essential for delivering non-toxic therapeutic agents to overcome antibiotic resistance in multiple pathogens that cause chronic infections. It is important to take into consideration the healthcare in dairy industry to reduce economic loss in the future.