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Procedures for calculating the probability of levels of dementia are developed using features of binocular pupil light reflex (PLR) to a chromatic light pulse on either eye. The PLR waveforms of 101 elderly participants, consisting of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or belonging to a normal control (NC) group, were measured under four experimental conditions. Three factor scores were calculated from the PLR waveform features for each response. Also, metrics of pupillary oscillation were introduced. The probability for the level of dementia of each participant was calculated using two types of regression functions for MCI+AD or AD patients. During function optimisation, some variables that represent asynchronous measurement and pupillary oscillation were selected, and the requirement of binocular measurement was confirmed. The results confirm the effectiveness of measuring features of ocular oscillation as a method of classifying patients. As the PLR responses of each eye were different during light pulse irradiations of the left or right eye, overall performance may be improved by using two independent classifications.

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Detection of Dementia Symptoms in Elderly Using Features of Binocular Pupil Light Reflexes to Chromatic Light Pulses on Either Eye

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Minoru Nakayama,
  • Wioletta Nowak

摘要

Procedures for calculating the probability of levels of dementia are developed using features of binocular pupil light reflex (PLR) to a chromatic light pulse on either eye. The PLR waveforms of 101 elderly participants, consisting of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or belonging to a normal control (NC) group, were measured under four experimental conditions. Three factor scores were calculated from the PLR waveform features for each response. Also, metrics of pupillary oscillation were introduced. The probability for the level of dementia of each participant was calculated using two types of regression functions for MCI+AD or AD patients. During function optimisation, some variables that represent asynchronous measurement and pupillary oscillation were selected, and the requirement of binocular measurement was confirmed. The results confirm the effectiveness of measuring features of ocular oscillation as a method of classifying patients. As the PLR responses of each eye were different during light pulse irradiations of the left or right eye, overall performance may be improved by using two independent classifications.