Effective postoperative management for neurosurgical patients is crucial for optimizing outcomes and minimizing complications. This chapter discusses the multidisciplinary strategies involved in caring for patients after neurosurgical procedures. It emphasizes the significance of individualized patient assessment, early recognition, and intervention for complications such as intracranial hematoma, pneumocephalus, cerebral edema, seizures, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, and venous thromboembolism. The chapter also explores the systemic complications alongside anesthesia-related challenges, including delayed awakening, pain, airway issues, and postoperative delirium. It highlights the role of advanced multimodal monitoring, targeted physiological goals, and early mobilization strategies while incorporating evidence-based prophylactic and therapeutic interventions in a patient-centered, protocol-driven approach for successful neurosurgical outcomes.