Modern distribution networks face critical challenges in short-circuit current suppression, particularly under single-phase faults, where conventional methods struggle with parameter sensitivity and limited adaptability to dynamic grid conditions. This paper presents a novel flexible arc suppression method for the neutral point based on a modular cascaded fractional-order circuit (FOC). The proposed FOC leverages its tunable port impedance characteristics to achieve full compensation for single-phase low-impedance ground faults. It can work own or be connected in parallel with conventional arc suppression devices. By dynamically adjusting key parameters such as the fractional order α, the FOC enables precise impedance matching under varying operating conditions. This adaptability mitigates performance degradation caused by component aging, parameter drift, or environmental fluctuations, ensuring robust arc suppression across diverse scenarios. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method reduces the peak fault current to 1.32% of its original value (from 40.15 A to 0.5306 A) under single-phase low-impedance grounding faults, validating its practical applicability and effectiveness.