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Grid-tied inverters (GTIs) play a crucial role in integrating photovoltaic (PV) systems with the electrical grid, requiring compliance with international standards to ensure stability and reliability. This paper presents a Power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) based testing approach to evaluate a 40kW PV inverter (operated at 2kW) under various grid conditions that aligns with IEC 61000–4-11, IEC 61000–4-13, and IEC 61000–4-14 standards. Using PONOVO four-quadrant amplifier setup (PAV for DC and PAS for AC signals), we simulated real-world grid disturbances and recorded inverter responses through a custom VI acquisition module. Key tests included voltage sags, phase loss, unbalanced loads, harmonic injection, and dynamic load changes. Results showed that the inverter maintained stable operation with no inrush current, exhibited fast voltage recovery (0.22s) under dynamic load changes, and effectively handled grid harmonics with minimal distortion impact. Phase loss and severe voltage dips triggered expected protective responses. These findings demonstrate that PHIL testing provides a repeatable, controlled, and safe environment for evaluating GTI performance under IEC conditions and offer a replicable framework for validating inverter reliability, supporting industry efforts to enhance renewable energy system interoperability with evolving grid standards.

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Comprehensive PHIL-Based Testing of PV Grid-Tied Inverter Under IEC Standards

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Abdul Hadi Hanan,
  • Menglong Xu,
  • Xiaopu Zheng,
  • Jun Li,
  • Bin Chen,
  • Bilal Shabbir

摘要

Grid-tied inverters (GTIs) play a crucial role in integrating photovoltaic (PV) systems with the electrical grid, requiring compliance with international standards to ensure stability and reliability. This paper presents a Power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) based testing approach to evaluate a 40kW PV inverter (operated at 2kW) under various grid conditions that aligns with IEC 61000–4-11, IEC 61000–4-13, and IEC 61000–4-14 standards. Using PONOVO four-quadrant amplifier setup (PAV for DC and PAS for AC signals), we simulated real-world grid disturbances and recorded inverter responses through a custom VI acquisition module. Key tests included voltage sags, phase loss, unbalanced loads, harmonic injection, and dynamic load changes. Results showed that the inverter maintained stable operation with no inrush current, exhibited fast voltage recovery (0.22s) under dynamic load changes, and effectively handled grid harmonics with minimal distortion impact. Phase loss and severe voltage dips triggered expected protective responses. These findings demonstrate that PHIL testing provides a repeatable, controlled, and safe environment for evaluating GTI performance under IEC conditions and offer a replicable framework for validating inverter reliability, supporting industry efforts to enhance renewable energy system interoperability with evolving grid standards.