This paper proposes a method based on the dynamic response of metro in service to sense tunnel adject new constructions, and verifies the feasibility of the method through a model test focusing on pile driving constructions. Firstly, the pile driving simulation and test design are introduced. Secondly, the metro acceleration response under the influence of pile driving at different times is analyzed. The results show that pile driving will cause instantaneous peak and transient fluctuation of metro dynamic response, and the corresponding short-time Fourier transform (STFT) time-frequency diagram will show high frequency band energy concentration, and the approximate location of pile driving can be judged by the position and size of the fluctuation. This paper complements the existing tunnel damage identification method, and forms a complete tunnel abnormal state fast sensing method based on dynamic response of metro in service.