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This study investigates the failure mechanisms of overhanging rock blocks and simulates their rockfall trajectories, explicitly focusing on the rockfall incident at the Dayong Bridge in Taiwan, in 2022. Point cloud data was processed using CloudCompare software to analyze joint configurations, employing semi-automatic extraction and compass methods. The fitting plane density was calibrated based on the dimensions of the sliding surfaces of the rock blocks. Overhanging stereographic projections were generated to assess potential failure modes. The failure mechanisms were validated using the discrete element method (DEM). The rockfall incident at Dayong Bridge demonstrated wedge-shaped failure, a finding consistent with the analyses conducted using the proposed projection circle and DEM simulation. The rockfall trajectories, accurately simulated using the DEM model, furnished invaluable insights for devising adequate rock slope protection and mitigation strategies. This study offers a comprehensive methodology for assessing the potential failure of overhanging rock slopes, making it beneficial for engineering applications and practice.

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Investigating the Failure Mechanisms of Overhanging Slopes and Associated Rockfall Trajectories

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Meng-Chia Weng,
  • Geng-Man Zhang,
  • Hoang-Khanh Le

摘要

This study investigates the failure mechanisms of overhanging rock blocks and simulates their rockfall trajectories, explicitly focusing on the rockfall incident at the Dayong Bridge in Taiwan, in 2022. Point cloud data was processed using CloudCompare software to analyze joint configurations, employing semi-automatic extraction and compass methods. The fitting plane density was calibrated based on the dimensions of the sliding surfaces of the rock blocks. Overhanging stereographic projections were generated to assess potential failure modes. The failure mechanisms were validated using the discrete element method (DEM). The rockfall incident at Dayong Bridge demonstrated wedge-shaped failure, a finding consistent with the analyses conducted using the proposed projection circle and DEM simulation. The rockfall trajectories, accurately simulated using the DEM model, furnished invaluable insights for devising adequate rock slope protection and mitigation strategies. This study offers a comprehensive methodology for assessing the potential failure of overhanging rock slopes, making it beneficial for engineering applications and practice.